July 2016 – Towing Silver: Kim Davison's Travels

The Golden Door of Freedom

As a youngster, I read and re-read the books in the biography section in the children’s room in the basement of the Kenmore Public Library. That is where I first became acquainted with George Washington Carver. His life story really captivated my imagination. So, when HistoriCorps made available the opportunity to help preserve his first school, I couldn’t resist.

The school was started in 1872, and George Washington Carver referred to school as “the Golden Door of Freedom.” When Missouri was directed to provide for education of the former enslaved people, they bought a building that had been built on speculation. It was a two-room building built in the style called “hall and parlor“. It was intended to be a house, but it had not yet been lived in when the city bought it. It was used as a dwelling after it was no longer used as a school. HistoriCorps‘ task during the three weeks it scheduled to work was to take off the additions and stabilize it for future preservation.

The first day of the project, we met at the school and posed for our team portrait.

You know, after counting the people in this photo, I think some folks are missing from the picture. It was a busy job site – someone was always working!

The our first project-related task was to walk around and check out the building and identify what we would be doing. Our job was to remove the additions that had been made to the back, as well as all the non-original siding. The porch would be removed by a later team.

Standing on the porch, which is one of the additions that needed to be removed, is a ranger from the George Washington Carver National Monument. The rangers came by often – sometimes as part of their workday and sometimes after hours in their civilian clothes.

This is the view of the back of the building, most of which we would be removing. Mature trees lent much appreciated shade in the steamy Missouri weather.

There was a lot of interest in our project. Here, you can see a photographer installing a time-lapse camera. It was set up to take a photo once every five minutes to document the changes taking place.

The photographer, whose name was Jim (I think) even captured our work with a drone.

And here it is – up in the air. I hope the show ends up being made – and that I get a chance to see it!

We were finally issued our hard hats and set to work. First job, remove the siding on the additions in the back.

We made good progress. By the time we broke for lunch, the back was pretty much stripped.

After lunch, we had the additions cleared off, right down to the studs.

We were getting that dumpster filled up!

Talk about a room with a view! No walls – all windows!

The two young men from New Jersey made short work of the siding on the ends of the buildings. They got down to the original siding quickly.

Our last task on day one was to collapse the additions. Here you can see the photographer documenting the job. The first thing we tried was pulling it down with ropes. Half of us got on a rope on the left side and the other half of us were on the right side. On the count of three, we pulled and we pulled. Nothing happened.

We repositioned the ropes and tried again. Nothing budged.

Kim Mailes, the Neosho local who had been spearheading this project for years, got his truck and pulled. One upright at a time was removed. That roof just did not want to come down. Eventually, however, gravity triumphed and the roof slowly sank to the floor.

The building was really cobbled together, but I guess if you double up enough substandard material, it gains structural integrity.

We made so much progress the first day, that John, the project leader, and Angie, the architect, had to get together and reorder the job list.

The building was covered with layer upon layer of materials, all of which needed to be removed.

Arvest Bank had acquired the property through foreclosure about twelve years ago and they offered it to the Carver Birthplace Association (CBA). It was known that this was the site of the Neosho Colored School, but no one knew for sure if this was the original building. In fact, most people thought that the original building had been torn down long ago. The CBA thought that they might tear the building down and create a memorial park, but they commissioned a study of the building to make sure that the original school wasn’t still there.

Angie, the architect, did the study. She estimated that the building was about 70% there.

So, with every piece of siding that was removed, we got closer to the original structure.

We kept picking away at the additions on the back.

The roof is just about gone. We filled up one dumpster and almost filled up another.

Finally, all the addition walls and the rear roof was gone.

Man, it was hot work! The heat and humidity were off the charts, and the hard hats we had to wear while we were working didn’t help keep us cool.

Next step, remove the foundation and floors of the addition.

We found all sorts of “artifacts” under the additions.

An archeologist was on site most days. I don’t think we found anything that was particularly significant, but you never know.

We even had a “Repository for Historic Finds” hanging in a shrub back where we took out breaks.

It wasn’t all hot, sweaty work. After the work ended for the day, we were free to cool down however we saw fit. One evening, I decided to explore Hickory Creek, which ran through our campground. I indulged in a little “catch and release” rock collecting.

I found some interesting fossils. (Interesting to me, that it!)

You could still see the shells sandwiched in with the other fossils in this piece. I saw a crack, so I snapped it apart.

These are fossils unlike any I’ve ever found.

It was fun looking.

In addition to the fossils, I found some rocks with natural holes. I decided to hold on to these. Maybe I’ll string them together with other things some day.

The people of the town were very gracious. A group of anonymous donors had one meal a week catered for the project, and a church invited us to a dinner where they served up a mess of crappie along with an eye-popping array of pot luck dishes. Incidentally, “crappie” is pronounced more like “CRAW-pee”, not the way the spelling would lead you to believe. And, it was pretty good. Kim also had us out to his lovely home for dinner one night. We were well taken care of!

After we had the rear additions removed, they started planning for the next steps. Unfortunately, some of the projects for the coming weeks included replacing the rotted and termite-riddled sills and shoring up the foundations. Fortunately, this was not a project for our group.

There was a lot of media interest in the project. It seems like there was either a newspaper article or TV segment each day of the week I was there. Some days, I think there might have been both!

If you are interested in the media coverage or the project as a whole, I suggest that you take the time to check out the blog that Kim Mailes kept.

The last day of the first session finally came, and here is the progress we made.

Here I am, posing in my hard hat.

And the gang, just before we all headed our separate ways.

There were two more work sessions after us, and they made great progress. This is how the school looked after three weeks of work.

That’s pretty remarkable, by itself, but compare Dr. Carver’s sketch of how he remembered the school some fifty years after he attended it with how it was left at the end of the project.

Of all the things I’ve done on my travels, I think this is the most impressive.

Neosho, Missouri

My next stop was Neosho, Missouri. Not a big city, nor a well-known place. Nevertheless, it was a destination I had been looking forward to with great anticipation for months.

I was in Neosho to take part in another HistoriCorps project to help preserve George Washington Carver’s first school, the Neosho Colored School. I was there during the first week of the project, and our tasks consisted of demolishing and removing additions and “improvements” that had been made on the original 1872 structure.

I arrived a day ahead of schedule and got settled in at the city’s Hickory Creek RV Park. It is not uncommon to find municipal campgrounds in the heartland, complete with electricity, water and dump stations. There was plenty of room in the park. This was due to the fact the the town had set aside the whole park for our use during the three week time that HistoriCorps would be in town.

The day before the project kicked off, I decided to head over to the George Washington Carver National Monument in nearby Diamond, Missouri. He was born into slavery there in the waning years of the Civil War.

I was lucky that I got to visit the site twice. For my first visit, I opted to walk the Carver trail.

There was an outline of the site of the cabin where George was born that archeologists have identified. Moses Carver had purchased George’s mother, Mary, in 1855, when she was 13 years old. According to information I have read, George had 10 brothers and sisters, most of whom died prematurely. Record keeping was spotty, at best. Oh, Moses Carver did have the receipt for the purchase of Mary, but there is no record of the births.

Sometime near the end of the Civil War, raiders came to steal what they could from the farm. According to Moses Carver, when the raiders found no cash, they carried off Mary and baby George, who was about a week or so old at the time. George’s brother, James, managed to hide when the raiders came.

Moses asked a local Union scout, John Bentley, to recover his stolen property. Bentley returned with a very sick George, but Mary had disappeared with the raiders. Carver rewarded Bentley with a $300 racehorse. According to the informational signage at the site, in George’s later memory of this story, he focused on how Moses had made a special effort to get him back. To George, this seemed the first tangible indication that he was a special person, destined to accomplish much with his life.

Susan Carver appears to have been particularly fond of him. George was not very strong, and was limited to lighter tasks. One of his duties was to fetch water, and this statue of him as a child is near the source of the water.

The water was flowing and the birds were singing. The typo in the title of the video irks me, but I don’t know how to fix it “post production.”

http:/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipn0UbxV1js

I continued along the trail. I imagine that the forest was much the same as George might have experienced it. The birds were singing and it was peaceful in the woods.

Owners who bought the farm later dammed one of the streams and created this pond in 1931. The changes to the landscape are also part of the history of the place.

Speaking of changes, this is Moses Carver’s cabin, but it wasn’t the one that was there when George knew the farm. The original cabin was destroyed by a storm – some accounts said it was a tornado – after George had moved on.

These are the fields around the cabin. It’s not to hard to imagine that this was a view that George might have seen when he lived here.

The next stop on the trail was the cemetery. These are the graves of Moses and Susan Carver.

The cemetery was surrounded by a dry stacked stone fence. Moses allowed neighbors to use his cemetery, too.

The smaller headstone are for children. Most of the graves that I saw were for children.

The last stop on the trail was a bust of George Washington Carver in his later years. You might notice a speaker in the pedestal. There is a button you can push to listen to a recording of a speech he gave at a commencement.

I don’t know why I should be surprised, but I am just amazed that we have recordings of people who were born of the 1860s.

There is a slab of a tree that was cut down on the property. There were a number of markers on the tree – kind of like a dendochronological timeline.In 1855, when Moses Carver bought Mary, the mother of George, this tree was a small seedling. I find this mind boggling, too.

Rather than try to rewrite the details, let me just share the plaques that are posted on the slab.

Of course, you have to read the list backwards.

Now, I arrived at the National Monument too late to see the museum that day, but through the magic of the Internet, let me share just a few things I saw inside a few days later.

These are marbles that were found during an archeological search of the cabin George lived in. Do you suppose these were his marbles? Could be – or maybe they were someone else’s.

This map plots where George went to pursue his education. His first trip was an eight mile walk from Diamond to Neosho, where he went because the school in Diamond was for whites only.

He was taken in by Aunt Mariah Watkins, who lived two doors down from the new Neosho Colored School. If I understood correctly, this was the furniture that was in his bedroom.

And, with that, I will leave you.

Stay turned for the story of helping to preserve the school.

Next Stop: Kansas!

While I was sitting in the amphitheater at Palo Duro Canyon State Park waiting for TEXAS (the musical) to start, I got to chatting with the people sitting next to me. They were the Cabbages from Hutchinson, Kansas. Not only did they recommend that I visit the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum in Canyon, Texas, they told me that I shouldn’t miss Strataca in their home town.

What is Strataca? It’s a salt mine! It sounded like something that would interest me, so I put it on my list of things to do.

I found a campsite at the Kansas State Fairgrounds. I’ll bet it is a teaming city during the state fair. It was kind of empty when I arrived, but it started filling up toward the end of my time there. A rally of deaf campers was beginning. It was interesting to watch them talking to each other. Overall, they were very quiet, as you would imagine, but a few of them had the loudest, rumbliest motorcycles I’d ever heard. I could feel the vibrations through the ground, which was probably the point. They sure did seem to be enjoying themselves.

I don’t have photos of the campground, because it was just one of those fields with hook ups. I did take a picture of my new state sticker, though.

Kansas is in the house!

I made my way to Strataca. Incidentally, the emphasis in on the first syllable. STRA-ta-ca. I kept wanting to call it stra-TA-ca.

Yep! I was right over one of the 8 wonders of Kansas.

What are the 8 wonders of Kansas? Click here to find out!

I entered and bought my ticket for the tour and waited for my group to be called. While I waited, I looked at some of the displays and a wall of quotes about salt.

Yep, as you might expect, they are really into salt here.

My group was called and we saw the introductory movie. On the way back to get our hard hats, I passed the tags where the workers “brass in” at the beginning of their shifts.

At the end of their shifts, they “brass out”. The brass refers to the tags that identify who is down in the mine. It kind of reminded me of the tags we used when we were swimming at the lake at Seven Hill Girls Scout Camp, back in the day.

Hard hats on, we got in the elevator for the trip 650 foot trip down to the salt mine. The elevator was unique in that it was a double decker elevator. They could load up one level, lower the elevator a bit and then load up the second level. The group I was in only needed one level, so I didn’t get to see the double decker feature of the elevator in operation.

Once down at the 650 foot level, we entered the Permian Room, a long gallery that was mined out in the 1940s and 1950s. The name “Permian” refers to the Permian Sea that dried up around 275 million years ago.

On the walls, you can see the layers of salt and mud. Throughout the mine, you see the same banding. According to one of the attendants, this banding made it easy to keep the mine level. They could follow the bands as their guides.

These boxes were there for visitors to experience the materials that came out of the mine – salt dust, which felt like sand, oversized rock salt and mud, which felt like gravel. Rock salt for de-icing roads was the product of this mine. One of the attendants told me that salt for eating is produced by other mines, but those are brining operations as opposed to mines. In those mines, water is pumped down into the salt layers, where it dissolves the salt. The resulting brine is then pumped back up and the water is evaporated and the pure salt is left behind.

Don’t you just love it when they invite you to touch the displays? I know I do!

A cubic foot of loose salt weight about 75 pounds; when it is a solid block, it weighs 135 pounds per cubic foot. This block weighs about 6,000 pounds! (That’s almost as much as my Airstream – but much denser!)

This graffiti was left behind when they blasted through this section to joint the Permian Room to the rest of the mine. They call this the section “the narrows” because it is a narrow(er) passage. The workers signed their accomplishment with their names, the date, and their motto “Get ‘er done.” Incidentally, they got it done on my birthday in 2004!

Rusty equipment. Hmm. It’s a mine – of course there’s rusty equipment. The equipment they use in this salt mine is adapted from coal mining machinery.

I had to snap a photo of the batteries used in the blasting. They were made by Union Carbide, where my father used to work. I owe a lot to Union Carbide. The paychecks my father earned through them kept us housed and fed.

Not all the equipment was from coal mining, though. For a while they had a rail system to get around. After they discontinued that, they started buying used cars and trucks to get around. They would take off windows and doors topside and discard them. Everything that can be removed is taken off so that the vehicles will be small enough to fit into the shaft, which is about four feet by five feet.

Once they get them underground, the mechanics weld the pieces back together and ad what ever is missing, like seats and roll bars. The vehicles run on diesel fuel, and if they have to modify the engines, they take care of that, too.

This truck was abandoned in the mine when it was no longer useful. The maintenance workers removed the engine to use for parts or to install in some other vehicles. The workers painted the fleet regularly to protect them from the salt. Each vehicle is used for about ten years before it is taken out of service. For the most part, they seem to be just left where they are last used.

Ah, but the salt culture wasn’t all blasting and digging. There were also the Miss Salt Queen Contests.

The beauty pageants were started in 1959 by UV&A (Underground Vaults and Storage) when they were preparing the mined out salt mines to use for storage of important items.

Storing important things in salt mines wasn’t a new idea. Nazis stored art they had plundered in salt mines. Here’s a shot of native Kansas son, General Eisenhower, examining the artwork they recovered at the end of the war.

In keeping with the Kansas theme, one of the displays said that the original print of the Wizard of Oz is stored here. I guess Dorothy is back in Kansas.

They had this newspaper on display that was published the day after the Lincoln assassination.

After passing through the display area that talked about the history of UV&A, the path went through a section of storage.

Actually, I don’t think this was necessarily real storage – or reel storage. I lifted the lid on one of the boxes, and it was empty.

According to the labels, the Friends tapes are stored here. Maybe they are, maybe they aren’t.

These look a little more authentic, but who knows? If I were paying for storage, I don’t think I’d want it out where anyone who buys a ticket can walk up and see my stuff.

After the UV&A tour, it was time for the Dark Tour.

Actually, it wasn’t all that dark. The tram we were on had headlights. And lights would come one when needed.

As they ceased mining tunnels, they would but up what the called “gob walls”. This conserved resources, as they didn’t need to ventilate that part any more. They would fill up boxes from the blasting supplies with mining debris and then stack them up in the opening. This is an old gob wall. These days they block off the unneeded areas with curtains.

Not all salt is white or clear. There are also deposits of red salt. They are big on puns down here. In October, they hold an event called the hunt for Red ROCK-tober. The guide told us that participants get to walk all over and collect all the red salt crystals they can find.

One of the stops on the tour was a spot where we got to select our own samples of salt to take home. We could take anything smaller than our palms from the piles. Since I am doing my best to not accumulate stuff, I only picked out a few.

They even gave us cute little bags to hold our prizes, along with warnings not to put it in fish tanks or gardens once we got home.

With all the parts of Strataca toured and explored (well, at least as much as I had paid for) it was time to take the double decker elevator back to the surface.

While I was waiting for the elevator to come back down with a fresh load of tourists, I had the guide snap a picture of me with the salt.

Once back on the surface, I noticed what looked like an engine.

This is Old Number 2. It was built in 1919 by General Electric. Carey Salt Company acquired it in 1928. There was a granite marker that outlined its chain of ownership in great detail. I didn’t find it particularly interesting or informative, so I will spare you a recitation. Given the size, I assume that it was used above ground to aid in getting the salt on the way to market.

There was also a plaque commemorating the discovery of salt in Reno County. Oddly enough, this plaque isn’t at the actual site. It was put into storage during a road widening project. I tried to locate the site of the actual salt discovery, but my navigational skills weren’t up to the task. I didn’t bring my surveying tools with me, so I wouldn’t have been able to locate a site 90 yards from where the sign had originally been installed.

When I was in the mine, one of the guides mentioned that they had built a new shed for the road salt that followed the angle of repose. Just in case you are wondering, the angle of repose is the maximum angle at which loose material will come to rest when added to a pile of similar material. (And in case you are also wondering, I looked it up.)

I didn’t come across any survey markers while touring Hutchinson, I did come across this interesting sewer cover. And, it was made in America.

Next stop: Neosho, Missouri!

OKC…OK?

Scissortail Campground in Edmond, Oklahoma was my next home for a few days. It was on a lake and it had good TV and cell reception. It was a friendly little community with a good library with free wifi. I spent a couple of days just relaxing and taking care of business.

One day, though, I went into Oklahoma City, or OKC as they call it.

I stopped at the tourism office on the way into town and got some information about things to do. The information specialist recommended that I park at the Bass Pro store and then take the free Downtown Discovery bus to see the popular tourist sites.

I wasn’t sure that this was legit, but I did need some stuff that Bass Pro might carry, so I figured I’d park and buy what I needed and then my conscience would be clear. Unfortunately, they didn’t have what I needed. Oh well…I tried.

I wandered around a bit. I noticed some interesting industrial buildings and got a little closer.

Hmm…I wonder what it is?

I didn’t know Oklahoma was a cotton producing state. It actually has a long history of cotton growing cotton. It was first planted in 1825 in the Choctaw Nation. Colonel Robert M. Jones, a Choctaw, owned an operation, that in 1851, exceeded five thousand acres. Approximately 2,275 African American slaves harvested seven hundred bales that year.

Cotton production has fluctuated over the years, but it seems to be flourishing now. In 2015, two hundred ten thousand acres were harvested. The yield was 269,000 bales. A bale weighs 480 pounds. That’s a whole lot of cotton!

Fun facts to know and tell!

Nearby, there was a statue and plaques honoring the Cherokee.

Just a little further along, was a building with the Sonic logo.

Sonic’s headquarters is located in Oklahoma City. If it seems like their drive-ins are all over the place, I think it is because they are! In 2015, there were 3,526 restaurants, and it seems like new ones are springing up all the time. They even have one next door to the headquarters building.

The Sonic headquarters looks out on the canal.

You can buy tickets for a ride on the canal. From the information I read, you could hop on at a stop and buy a ticket. I asked a passing boatman about where the stop was, and he told me that I had to buy a ticket at a building further down the canal. By the time I had walked most of the length of the canal, I figured that I didn’t need a boat ride. I had already seen the sights!

I kept walking, but I never came across one of the Downtown Discovery bus stops. I did see some interesting architecture along the way.

This was a novel treatment of the typical three-wing hotel. This one has smaller semi-circular wings between the main ones.

This building had elegant treatments around the doors and windows.

This building was all windows, and it reflected a wavy image of the building across the street.

These are the buildings that were being reflected.

There was even a canyon of shiny buildings. Some local workers in their suits paused to see what I was looking at. They had never noticed it before. Tourists do provide a service!

After a long, long walk in the sun, I finally arrived at the site of the Murrah Building.

I will never forget the coverage of this tragedy on Wednesday, April 19, 1995. They have created a moving memorial.

The texture of the wood in the concrete walls caught my attention. The first time I saw this method of building the first time in the 1970s at the Ontario Science Centre in Toronto, where the impressions of the wood holding the concrete were used as a design element.

The Playground from the daycare center was there. It was up on top of the memorial.

From up on top, there is a view of the 168 empty chairs facing the reflecting pool.

I came around to the gates. This picture looks through the 9:01 gate toward the 9:03 gate. The reflecting pool occupies what had been N.W. Fifth Street. The bomber drove down this street and pulled in front of the building that had been on the left side of the pond.

Survivors’ names are inscribed on marble slabs that came from the Murrah Building. The path around the footprint of the building is also made of materials from the building.

The Field of Empty Chairs is a tribute to the 168 people who were killed in the terrorist attack. The nine rows of chairs represent the nine floors of the former Murrah Building. Each person’s chair is positioned in the row that corresponds with the floor that they worked on or were visiting. There are five chairs on the west side of the field for the people who were killed outside the Murrah Building.

The bottom portion of the chairs are glass and they are illuminated at night. The guard I spoke with told me that the memorial is beautiful and peaceful at night.

The smaller chairs represent the children who died in the attack.

The reflecting pool is really shallow. I enjoyed watching the ducks splash about in the water. I don’t think that water was deeper that two inches. They water was continually circulating – draining over the edges and being replenished.

On the exterior of the memorial, there is chain link fence that recalls the original memorials that sprang up after the attack.

People are still leaving memorials. As I understand it, the offerings are cataloged in the museum next door. I opted not to visit the museum. I was hot and tired and ready to head back.

I finally found a bus stop at the memorial. I pulled out the brochure and figured out a phone number to call. The operator explained that a bus would be by shortly, and so I waited.

Of course, I always find things to look at. Interesting manhole cover.

The friendly bus driver picked me up and drove me back to Bass Pro Shop. Before I got to my truck, though, I noticed a sign for The Land Run of 1889.

The sign says it all.

The monument was an amazing group of statues.

Off to the right side, there is a soldier waiting to fire the cannon shot to start the land run. On the left side, there is explosive action!

You could really spend a long time studying all the details and making up stories to go with the people that are portrayed. It was kind of hard to get good photos with the equipment I had and the light, but here are some to give you a taste.

This horse tripped over a trunk that fell out of the wagon in front of it.

This homesteader is riding sidesaddle!

The riders and wagons proceed across the canal and off into the distance.

Just to give you an idea of the scale of the sculptures, here is a shot of my hand next to one of the riders.

And with that, it was time to head back to the campground. Is there more to do in Oklahoma City? Definitely!

And I’m going to save that for another visit.

Dang Me!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l1s7HHnnjU4

When I was at Alibates Quarries National Monument, I picked up a brochure about Route 66 in Oklahoma. In thumbing through it, I found out that there was a Roger Miller museum in his home town of Erick, just across the border. A few miles further, the town of Sayre had a municipal RV park with full hookups for only $12 a night.

With attractions like that, I decided to stop in Sayre and then double back to visit the Roger Miller Museum in Erick.

I followed the signs and I had my pick of sites. They have 80 sites, but the highest number of fellow campers was eight.

There were nice, level campsites with solid picnic tables. My site even had a view of the golf course. How many resorts charge extra for that?

There was even a greeting from my folks when I got there. A golf ball from Dad was sitting right there, and it was marked with Mom’s repeating numbers.

That night, I got settled in and added a new state to my map.

Oklahoma!

(Oh, go ahead and sing it…I’ll wait.)

The next day, I set out to see Erick, Oklahoma and the Roger Miller Museum, which was…

CLOSED!

The brochure said it would be open. I checked their website, and it said it would be open. It wasn’t.

Neither was the 100th Meridian Museum, which was across the street. And, unfortunately, there wasn’t a Sheb Wooley Musuem. (Although it probably would have been closed too.)

Oh, who is Sheb Wooley?

Why, he’s the man who gave us the One-eyed, One-horned Flying Purple People Eater!

In the words of the great Roger Miller, “Dang me!”

There was nothing else to do in Erick, so I consulted my HistoryHere app and decided to visit the Washita Battlefield National Historic Site, which was about 45 miles away.

In this landscape of gently rolling hills, just before dawn on November 27, 1868, the village of Black Kettle was attacked by the 7th U.S. Cavalry under the leadership of Lt. Col. George Custer. It was bitterly cold and 18 inches of snow had fallen when they surrounded the village and launched their attack.

Custer’s orders were to go down south till he came to the Washita River and follow it down until he came across the hostiles. He was then to shoot and hang all the warriors, capture all the women and children, and destroy the camp and horses. Custer was going to do exactly what he was told because he wanted to get back into the good graces of Generals Sheridan, Sherman, and Grant.

While the exact number of casualties is uncertain, Black Kettle, who had been working for peace, and his wife were killed. The 51 lodges in the village were burned along with the band’s winter supply of food and clothing. The Calvary captured the village’s 850 horses and killed 650 of them.

53 women and children were captured and taken to Camp Supply, which was around 80 miles away. They were later taken to Fort Hayes, Kansas. They were released in July, 1869.

What a sad and shameful part of our country’s history.

This is a photo of Eagle Nest, taken in August 1948, when he was 94 years old. He was the last known living Cheyenne survivor of the Washita attack.

As I am always drawn to maps. I had to snap some shots of how the land possession changed over the years.

Outside the National Park Service building, there was an interpretive trail that gave some information about the homesteaders.

At high noon on April 19, 1892, hopeful homesteaders gathered to stake a claim to farmland on Cheyenne-Arapaho Indian Reservation. Some people snuck in ahead of time and hid until it was time to stake their claim. They were called the “Sooners”, which is the nickname of the University of Oklahoma football team. The nickname of Oklahoma is the “Sooner State.”

The homesteaders built houses called “dugouts”. They are built into hillsides so that they needed to build fewer walls.

Here is a shot of some settlers in front of one of their dugouts.

They had a working windmill along the trail. After seeing the display at the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum in Canyon, Texas, it was cool to see one in action.

There was also a display about how fire contributes to the health of the grasslands. The land would have burned either naturally from lightning or from Native Americans setting the fires about every three to five years. These three plots were set aside so that one would be burned each year.

This plot was burned in the winter of 2014.

This one was burned in the winter of 2015.

This plot was burned this year – during the winter of 2016.

During the Depression, young men were hired by the Civilian Conservation Corps to plant wind breaks like this one of Osage orange trees.

The Oklahoma state wildflower is the Indian Blanket.

This birdhouse with solar array caught my eye. I imagine that they are tracking something, but there was no signage explaining the project.

By that time, I was ready to head back to the campground in Sayre. On my way back into town, I was noticed something that made me park and go over to examine it.

The door is kind of hard to make out because of the shade trees, but this is a tornado shelter that runs under the street from one side to the other!

I don’t think you can read it, but the text on the shield reads “USA 1939 WPA”. The WPA sure contributed to the infrastructure of our country. I wish I could have asked someone how many times this shelter has been used since 1939?

I also had to stop in to see the Beckham County Courthouse. It’s claim to fame is that it had a few moments of screen time in the 1940 movie, “The Grapes of Wrath” when the Okies were leaving Oklahoma.

I was surprised to find this Veterans Memorial erected by the United Daughters of Confederacy in MCMLXXI. If I remember my Roman numerals correctly, it was put up in 1971. I was surprised that the Daughters of the Confederacy is still a going concern.

On the left side of the courthouse was this buffalo soldier. The sculpture is called “Spirit of the West” and was installed in 2007 in honor of the Oklahoma Centennial.

While I was examining the courthouse, I heard the sound of horse hooves. I looked around and spied the horse and rider just before she got out of range.

And with that, I headed back to the park. I’d have to be hitching up and heading out of town in the morning.

Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum

After meeting the former Director of History and receiving strong recommendations from the Cabbages of Hutchinson, Kansas, I decided to stop in at Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum if I could find a place to park Bart and Flo. Luckily enough, I managed to squeeze into four spots on the side of the building.

I passed between the cowboy and the indian and went inside.

You never know what you are going to find in a museum. I guess a bottle of crude oil is a worthy representation of the area.

The first displays I saw pertained to more modern times. Oil drilling, roping, riding and ranching.

I was particularly interested in this sidesaddle. It never occurred to me to wonder how women managed to remain on their horses when riding sidesaddle.

There was barbed wire, too.

Twelve drawers.

Ten different kinds of wire in each drawer. That’s a lot of variety!

There was even aluminum barbed wire! I wonder if anyone ever used aluminum barbed wire? It would probably last a long time, but I imagine it would have been pretty expensive when it was patented in 1879.

This is a photo of the JA Ranch, when it was under construction in 1878. I include it because Palo Duro Canyon State Park was once part of the ranch, if I understood correctly.

This is a model of the Antelope Creek village, near the Alibates Flint Quarries, and a drawing of one unit of the village.

The residents of the village had long tunnels that they used to enter their houses. They had a model of part of a house, including the tunnel they had to crawl through. I imagine that must be a lot of fun for kids. I have long since passed the age where crawling into and through things is fun, so I passed on the experience. According to the display, archeologists discovered stones worn smooth from crawling into the houses. That must have been a fun discovery!

I particularly enjoyed the displays that focused on how people met similar needs with the materials they had on hand. For instance, this case focuses on how they built things across the ages.

I just must have a bathroom fetish! However, I must say that I felt a little frisson of joy when I saw that they made it possible for men to change their children’s diapers.

I was also delighted with this entrance to the paleontology display. Not only was it a nice break from the darker exhibits, it included the definitions you would need to make sense of the exhibits.

And then there was a marvelous timescale that showed how the different periods related to each other. I have included a close-up of the gray plaque that explains how scientists revise what then know based on new findings.

Impressive!

Of course, we are in Texas, so including the gripphippus gratis, a prehistoric horse, was a logical choice.

They had some interesting skeletons. I like how brightly lit they are. I feel like I am in an art gallery!

There’s the gypsum I saw in Palo Duro Canyon! It even has the brown “seam” in it! I wish there had been someone available to explain that layer to me.

Windmills were very important to settling the area. Although the region receives only about 20 inches of rain and 15 inches of snow a year, the Ogallala Aquifer is right below their feet.

They even had a demonstration that showed how the rotary motion of the wheel was changed to a reciprocating motion for pumping water. I may not crawl through tunnels anymore, but I had fun turning the wheel and watching the machinery work.

Incidentally, the American windmill was invented in Connecticut. Daniel Hallady invented, manufactured and marketed the first successful self-governing American windmill in 1854. A self-governing windmill automatically turns to face the wind when the wind changes direction. It also controls its speed to prevent it from self-destruction during high winds. I can see how it turns into the wind, but but I don’t see how it controls its speed – so don’t ask me.

I meandered downstairs and took in the art exhibits. Photography of the artwork is prohibited, so I have no pictures of that. However, they had this sweet little hands-on display that invited patrons (presumably children) to create their own exhibits.

I like how they walked the curators through the steps they needed to take to create their exhibits.

They had an enormous oil rig from the 1920s. It was so large that I couldn’t get a picture of the whole thing.

I found it intriguing that you could still smell the oil and hard work that went into it.

And, again, you can see how the rotary motion was changed to a reciprocating motion.

There was more to explore, but my feet were getting tired and I still had to reach my campsite. Time to bid adieu to Canyon, Texas.

On to Oklahoma!

Palo Duro Canyon and TEXAS

Palo Duro Canyon State Park, near Amarillo, has several campgrounds. I was tempted to camp there. For one thing, I generally prefer staying in public facilities. It has been my experience that they are usually not as crowded. They are usually cheaper, too.

BUT the campgrounds in this park are at the bottom of the deepest canyon in Texas. To get to the campgrounds, you have to descend a 10% grade, switchbacking down the side of the canyon. Also, I heard that the campgrounds were muddy, which makes sense since they had had a bit of rain lately – and they were at the bottom of the canyon. Water does flow downhill, after all. Also, if you descend a 10% grade switchbacking down the side of the canyon, you have to ascend a 10% grade switchbacking up the side of the canyon to get out.

I opted for the Palo Duro RV Park in Canyon, Texas, just ten miles from the park. It was only $25 and had a wonderful view of the interstate.

That sign seems to be following me!

After my day of exploring the Alibates Quarries National Monument and the Cadillac Ranch, I just got settled in and prepared for the next day, when I would visit Palo Duro Canyon State Park.

The next day, I headed over to the park. I was happy to be able to make use of the Texas State Parks Pass that I had bought in February. I stopped off at the visitor center. They had an interesting display about the construction of the park, which was done by the CCC during the Great Depression. I had already stayed at one the Texas State Parks built by them, Balmorhea State Park, on my way west a few months ago. I have got to say that I am extremely in awe of the CCC. Not only did they build some wonderful parks, but the work they did and they pay they received was the salvation of many families during those dark days.

If I remember the numbers correctly, the men working in the CCC received $30 a month plus room and board. They got to keep $5 for themselves and the rest was sent back to their families.

Here’s a photo from the exhibit of them building the road down to the bottom of the canyon. They used dynamite, but, for the most part, it was just plain old hard work with picks and shovels.

The visitor center is one of the buildings that the CCC built. It was originally the Coronado Lodge. Given the name, I assumed it must have been hotel, but there was no information that I saw describing how it was used oringially. It seemed like a rather small building to be a hotel. However, it was solidly built and is still in use.

There was a great view from the parking area.

When I arrived, the trails were closed due to the rain that they had received.

By the time I got to the floor of the canyon, they had determined that the trails had dried out enough for them to allow people back on them.

My first stop was not a trail; it was the ticket office of TEXAS. While I was parked at the Visitor Center and before I lost my cell phone connection, I called and ordered tickets for the show and for dinner beforehand. I stopped to pick up the tickets, but “will call” wasn’t open until 6:00. The woman I spoke with was very excited. This was opening night for the 51st season of the open air musical about the history of the Texas panhandle. On my way back to the truck, I stopped off to visit with some of the performers.

I resisted the temptation to tell him to “break a leg”. That seemed like a bad thing to say to a horse.

I set out to explore. I drove through some of the campgrounds. They were in good condition, and they would have been fine to camp at – if only there wasn’t that 10% grade with switchbacks to negotiate.

I ended up at the Lighthouse trailhead parking lot. It seemed as good as any, and there was ample parking.

This was the goal of the hike. I didn’t make it all the way. I borrowed the photo from the Texas State Parks website. When you enter the trail, they provide a brochure with the signs of heatstroke and dehydration. It was hot, but I did have water, so I figured that I would give it a shot.

Some of the trails were kind of small footpaths. They seemed interesting, but I figured that they weren’t heading toward The Lighthouse.

This one seemed more likely. It had definitely seen more traffic.

I tend to walk like a beachcomber. I walk a bit and then I stop and look at things. I bought one of those fitness trackers, and I continually get reports that my longest active time for a day was two minutes. That’s okay with me. I am walking to look at things, not just count steps.

Anyway, I was interested in the white layers that were exposed. I walked over to inspect them more closely.

They were very interesting! I found out later that the white layers are gypsum. I took a couple pieces with me so I could identify them. Since they were covered with the red soil, I soaked them in water. The water made them really easy to break apart. Remember the Mohs scale from my last post? Well, the only mineral on the scale softer than gypsum is talc!

I walked on a bit until I came to a spot the trail guide told me was a place to view a hoodoo that looked like an Indian standing guard.

The taller formation is Capitol Peak. It was named for its resemblance to the Capitol Building in Washington D.C. There was a shelter at that spot, and I stopped and enjoyed the shade while I drank my water. I drank all the water I brought with me. I had more than half a gallon in my back pack! I figured that I had walked far enough if I felt the need to drink all my water by that point, so I headed back to the trailhead.

The formation across the valley is known as “Spanish Skirts”. At least, I think that’s what I was taking a picture of.

There were lots of lovely layered rock formations. The colors don’t show up as vividly in the photos, but they were quite amazing.

Speaking of amazing, I thought this flood gauge was worthy of a little examination. If you could see that the depth of water was three feet, you might be less inclined to try to go through. As they say out west, “Turn around. Don’t drown.”

What size stream could flood that high?

It doesn’t look like much, does it? But, when you consider the size of the area that drains into the creek, I guess it makes sense that the water level could rise dramatically – and suddenly.

Looking into the mud on the banks of the creek, I could see what looks like raccoon paw prints.

I still had a little time to go before I could pick up the tickets for dinner and the show. I decided to stop off at the trading post for something to drink. I couldn’t help but notice these candies.

The bag is printed with the price, “2 for $1.59 or 89¢ each”. If you look careful at the orange sticker, it reads $1.29. I guess it’s all about supply and demand. As far as I was concerned, at that price I had no demand.

After nursing my diet Coke and enjoying the air conditioning for a while, it was finally time to go pick up my tickets.

It was time for TEXAS!

While I was eating, I got to watch the excitement of performers on opening night. The young man in the white shirt came out to say hello to his parents. You could feel the happy, nervous energy he was exuding, and his parents were so proud of him.

After dinner I went to the entrance to the amphitheater to wait for them to open the gates. While I was there, I got to talking with a gentleman who had on the most gorgeous turquoise bolo tie. He told me that it had been his father’s and that he liked to collect Navajo jewelry. He showed me the bracelet he had on and said that he had just gotten a new one, but it was too big to wear with his dress shirt. Before he retired, he had been the director of history at the Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum.

You just never know who you are going to run into!

They opened the gates, and we went to take our seats. I ended up sitting next to the Cabbages of Hutchinson, Kansas. We got to talking about the PPHM (Panhandle-Plains Historical Museum) and they enthusiastically recommended it to me. I told them that I would give it a visit while I was in town.

While waiting for the show to start, I examined the stage. It looked like there would be some interesting scenery and set changes.

The backdrop was the wall of the canyon.

I just couldn’t wait to see how all those doors would come into play!

Unfortunately, I have no shots of the performance to share, as it was prohibited. But, you know how they say everything is bigger in Texas? I think that applies to musicals, as well. They have cast of 60 singers and dancers, at least six horses and a mule. There were three wagons, I think, a train, a cabin and a real, burning campfire that they moved out onto the stage. Oh, and the show ended with the Dancing Waters of TEXAS and fireworks.

TEXAS!

After the show, you know that 10% grade with switchbacks? Yep, time to reverse the process, this time in the dark.

Since I am reporting this to you, you know I made it out.

Back to Texas – Stinnett, Alibates Quarries, Cadillac Ranch

I set out from my campsite at Tetilla Peak fairly early. Not break-of-dawn-early, but definitely before noon. That’s pretty early for me. My plan was to stop at San Jon, New Mexico for the night. I had a lead on a free city park there. The next day, I’d continue on to a Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, where there were also some free campgrounds.

But, when I got to San Jon exit on I-40, I wasn’t ready to stop. It was early and I felt fresh, so I decided to head for Lake Meredith. The government website that I consulted showed some really lovely campsites with lake views, but I couldn’t locate them on a map. I checked with another of my sources, and I got directions for one of them and had my phone guide me there.

The sun was nearing the horizon when I found the campground. It was there. It was free. Unfortunately, it was at the bottom of a canyon and the dirt roads were already puddled. There was no cell reception, no one else was camped there AND rain was in the forecast. I decided that it wouldn’t do. So, I got myself turned around and headed back out of the canyon. Once I had a cell signal, I found another campground and headed that way. Twilight was fading fast.

I found the park and got settled in. Luckily it was in a town that had streetlights, so I was able to maneuver. But, after being on the road for at least eight hours, I wasn’t about to back in. I just headed in and stopped.

No one else was there and it was nice and quiet. It was so quiet that I slept in really late. Then I decided that I might as well just spend the day there and rest up from the drive.

The good people of Stinnett were wonderfully hospitable. They allow people to camp there for three days for free. They even have water and electricity hookups, which I didn’t bother with. I think they have a waste tank dump, too. I had just dumped at Tetilla Peak, so I was all set in that department.

After a day of rest, I checked my connections and got backed out. They didn’t have much in town that I saw, but they did have two gas stations. I picked the one that was easier to pull into and filled up. While I was waiting for the person with the long, long trailer hauling a fork lift to finish up, I got to see an interesting garbage truck.

It was cylindrical!

Up and in! It seems that this is how they handle trash – at least in this part of Texas. They have those dumpsters sitting out by the road in front of houses and businesses, rather than the “Herby Curbies” we had in Kalamazoo. Interesting. Or, maybe I am just easily amused.

I had two touristic activities on my schedule for the day. The first was Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument.

Incidentally, McBride Canyon was where I had tried to camp the day before. I took the road to the right and headed to the quarries.

I have always been attracted to “industrial” sites. To the Antelope Creek people, who called this place home from 1100 A.D. to 1500 A.D., this was an industrial site, at least in a sense. They quarried the Alibates flint into blanks that they used for trade.

Alibates flint is actually an “agatized dolomite”. Dolomite is a calcium-based rock, and I have heard it referred to as limestone. In checking my facts for this post, I am not sure that dolomite is limestone, but it does share some of the same properties. For instance, it does dissolve in rain water. One of the theories about where the flint came from is that silica rich ash from volcanic eruptions in what is now Yellowstone County in Wyoming settled on top of the older dolomite. As rainwater percolated through the ash, the silica was dissolved into the rainwater and soaked in to the dolomite. The calcium carbonate in the dolomite washed out, leaving the silica dioxide behind.

To my way of thinking, this sounds a lot like how petrified wood was formed. However, a know-it-all named George, who was on the tour with me, told me that I was all wrong. But, he didn’t know how to pronounce “Canyon de Chelly”, which he proceeded to lecture me on, even though I told him that I had just been there and took the tour. Mansplaining. Gotta love it.

Anyway, I arrived too late for the morning tour, but I got to watch a wonderful flint knapping demonstration.

Jimmy Green, a volunteer, was knapping a nice piece of flint when he invited me to have a seat in one of the rockers and watch him work. He talked about his process and how he visualizes the shape he is going to make.

He used a cobble as a hammer. He said that his hammer was missing, so he just went outside and picked up one to use. I love that casual approach to working. The tools don’t matter as much as the knowledge of the worker.

He talked about making his tools. He made this copper-tipped tool himself by work-hardening the copper and then hammering it into the shape that he wanted. The wooden stick is looped through one of his belt loops to steady it, and then he hits the tool with a small copper hammer to get the flakes to split off.

At the end of the demonstration, he gifted me the arrowhead he made! I can’t wait to turn it into a necklace. I have to make sure that I figure out a way to dull the sharp edges, though. Flint can have an edge that is finer than steel or glass, according to the information in the exhibit in the museum. In fact, on the 10 point Mohs scale, flint is a 7.5. The softest mineral on the scale is talc at 1. The hardest is diamond at 10. Flint is between quartz at 7 and topaz at 8.

I was kind of excited to see the display on the Mohs scale, because we used to teach it in science a long time ago – before they “improved” the curriculum.

Jimmy said it was time for his lunch, so I thanked him for the great demonstration and toured the small museum and watched the video. I check to make sure that they were going to have an afternoon tour – they were – and then I went out to Flo and had a spot of lunch myself.

At the appointed time, I met the ranger and the only other member of the tour. Bob the ranger drove us up to the top of the mesa to begin our tour. Well, it wasn’t really the top of the mesa, as there was a steep trail with stairs cut into the side of the cliff. I think I read somewhere that it is like climbing a 10 story building.

I paused to take a shot looking at the red soil showing on the other side of the small canyon we were ascending.

The ranger told us we could pick up the flint – we just couldn’t take any with us. The Alibates flint is very colorful. The colors come from the trace mineral elements that were in the silica. The reds, oranges and yellow are caused by iron. Blues and deep greens are usually caused by manganese.

No wonder the flint was so highly prized! It was really beautiful. The boulders that lie on the surface are not useful for tools. The freeze/thaw cycle has created micro fractures that make them unsuitable for knapping.

We continued on the trail until we came to the top of the mesa, where the quarries were.

Rough trail…NOW they tell us!

According to the ranger, there are hundreds of quarries here. They aren’t much to look at right now, but when there was a fire a few decades back, he told us that the landscape looked like it was full of World War I foxholes.

We stopped at one quarry that had quite a few “cores” on the surface. Since the people were mining the flint and preparing blanks for trade, they would split off blanks until they couldn’t make anymore and then toss the smaller, leftover cores aside. One sign that this was a quarry for export and not just for their own use is that the smaller chips that are produced by knapping are not present here.

Across the valley, you can see a light colored line. That is the location of the village. The ranger told us that the site is part of the national monument, but accessing it involves crossing private land. He said that they give tours in October, which is Texas Archeology Month. So, I guess if I want to see the Antelope Creek site, I have to come back in October.

The descent to the van went faster that the climb to the top. We got in the van and headed back to the visitor center. I thanked the ranger, bid adieu to know-it-all George and headed to Cadillac Ranch.

Believe it or not, this is another thing I learned about in Sister Jeanne’s art history classes. It was created in 1974, and was made of older Cadillacs representing the changes in design of the automobile. According to the information I looked up, they were chronicling the birth and death of the tailfin. The are half-buried nose-first in the found at an angle corresponding to that of the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt.

Nowadays, people are encouraged to add their own marks to the installation.

While I was there, I saw several families with bags of cans of spray paint. What fun!

I walked around the cars, looking for a place I could make my mark. The left lend of the installation was muddy and had puddles.

I finally found a spot where I could get close enough and not sink into the rich Texas farmland.

There were layers upon layers of paint on these cars.

I didn’t have spray paint but I had some left-over acrylic craft paint in the trailer, so I figured I’d find a place where that would work.

I painted a portrait of Flo and left my blog address. I have no doubt that it has been painted over by now.

These kids were having so much fun!

I mean, really, doesn’t it make you want to add your own design?

If painting the cars wasn’t enough, some people also had to add their marks to the ground.

It was a long day – time to get to the campground in Canyon, Texas.

A Quick Trip to Santa Fe

One day during my stay at Tetilla Peak, I decided to head north to Santa Fe. Now, I hate paying for parking, but finding on-street parking with BART (the Big Ass Red Truck) didn’t seem to be an option. After circling around the tiny streets in the center of town for a bit, I was pleased to find that the Cathedral had a lot. I could park there all day for $10. Such a deal!

Cathedral Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi

I was ready for lunch when I got there, and a place that I found on the internet sounded good.

As I scanned the menu, I noticed a mistake. Can you spot it?

I ordered the cheese enchiladas, which came with beans and pozole. When asked if I wanted red chili or green chili, I applied what I had learned about life in New Mexico and said, “Christmas!”

You can see the red sauce on the left side and the green on the right.

Thusly restored, I headed out to wander around and see what I could see. First stop was the Santa Fe Cathedral Park. The monument in the center was dedicated in 1998 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Spanish settlement.

I headed around to the front of the Cathedral. Since this is the Cathedral Basilica of St Francis of Assisi, I wasn’t surprised to find a statue of him in front.

Behind the bronze statue of St. Francis, you can see a polychrome statue of a woman.

She is Saint Kateri Tekakwitha. She was the first North American Indian to be beatified, which is the first step to being confirmed as a saint. She was canonized in October 2012. She lived from 1656 until 1680 and was known as Lily of the Mohawks.

The Altar piece has rows of saints. Since I knew that this was a Basilica, I went looking for the three telltale symbols that a church is a basilica.

The canopaeum – Check!

The tintinnabulum – Check!

The Pope’s symbol – the crossed keys – on the seal of the basilica – Check!

The Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi was officially elevated to a basilica by Pope Benedict XVI on October 4, 2005, when it was named the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi. I guess that’s why they seem to have included his name on their seal.

In a chapel to the left of the main altar is a statue known as La Conquistadora. In 1626, Fray Alonso Benavides brought the statue of Our Lady of the Rosary to Santa Fe. During the Pueblo Revolt in 1680, the statue was removed for safe keeping. When the Spanish settlers returned in 1693, they brought the statue back. They renamed her “La Conquistadora” in honor of what they believed was a peaceful acceptance of her by the natives.

In front of this chapel was a collection of marimbas. I would have loved to have heard them played during a mass!

The interior of the cathedral is very colorful. I could have sworn I was in the cathedral when I passed through in 1987, but I remember it as being dusty and drab. So, either they did a wonderful job of restoration or I am thinking of some other building. Maybe it was some other city. It was a long time ago.

Across the street from the cathedral is the IAIA Museum of Contemporary Native Arts.

These columns in front of the museum are the work by Yatka Starr Fields, who is Cherokee/Creek/Osage. I didn’t feel like visiting the museum during this visit, but I couldn’t help but admire the columns and the building.

I set out to stroll around the plaza. I headed for the Governor’s Palace.

There are vendors selling their wares all along the front of the building. It reminded me of the plaza in Antigua, Guatemala. What wonderful memories!

I noticed that the Governor’s Palace was having a free night, and free is my favorite price. I decided to come back later.

I strolled about, enjoying being in Santa Fe. I saw the sign for the Loretto Chapel and the Miraculous Staircase. I remembered reading about the staircase in Ripley’s Believe It or Not back when I was a kid and I decided to check it out.

The diocese of Santa Fe built the chapel for the Sisters of Loretto in the 1870s. The chapel was built without a way to get up to the choir loft. According to information at the chapel, that wasn’t unusual in New Mexico back then. The musicians would access the choir loft by climbing a ladder. The Sisters of Loretto, who wore habits, weren’t comfortable about climbing a ladder. When an itinerant carpenter came by and offered to build them a staircase, they accepted his offer.

This is a simulation of the staircase that the carpenter built. He built a staircase that makes two complete turns and he did it without using nails. No one knows how he did it as he insisted on complete privacy and he locked himself in the chapel for three months. He disappeared without accepting payment for his time or the materials. The Sisters say that St. Joseph built the staircase for them.

In 1887 – ten years after it was completed – they decided to add a handrail. They also added a brace, connecting it to the pillar closest to it.

The Sisters of Loretto closed their school in 1968. The diocese declined to accept the chapel and sold it to a private company that now operates it as a museum and wedding chapel.

This would be a lovely location for a wedding.

After my tour of the chapel, I walked around and did some window-shopping.

I hadn’t intended to buy anything, but the sign that encouraged me to ask about their “special financing options” – well, that sort of sealed the deal. Lovely to look at, but nothing would be going home with me!

I found a survey marker on the sidewalk. I do love to walk around and just look.

I passed this sign at one point. I meant to get back to see the historical marker, but I couldn’t find it. Next time, I guess.

The free museum night at the Governor’s Palace was beginning, and I had to get over there. I wandered around and enjoyed the displays. I have no photos to share. The light wasn’t good for taking pictures. It was so dim in some places, that I could barely read the descriptions!

I finished my tour and left to retrieve my truck. The vendors had left their spots in front of the Governor’s Palace. Their spots were marked on the pavement for them to return to set up the next day.

They had packed up their wares and gone home.

It was time for me to go home, too.

Petroglyph National Monument

I set up camp at Tetilla Peak on the shore of Cochiti Lake, north of Albuquerque and south of Santa Fe. It took a bit of doing to get backed in. The site was at a weird angle to the road and they had very sturdy posts ringing the sites. Luckily, Christopher, from the next site over helped me get in.

Once in, though, I had quite a view. The mountains in the back.

And the lake in the front.

The lake is manmade, and the campground is maintained by the Army Corps of Engineers. The water actually comes from the Rio Grande.

I decided to head into Albuquerque to visit Petroglyph National Monument. I headed for the Ranger Station to get information. It turns out that there are three separate petroglyph areas. The ranger talked with me about my level of interest, and I told him about all the different sites I’d already visited. He suggested I take the Piedras Marcadas trail.

I drove over to the north end of the park, about six miles away to the parking area. The Piedras Marcadas Canyon was right in front of a residential area. Since the park is a day use area, those folks have really quiet neighbors.

I set of on this sandy trail toward the basalt stones that contained the petroglyphs.

According to the ranger, these petroglyphs are more recent than the ones that I saw at Three Rivers Petroglyphs Site, about 200 miles south of the National Monument.

They had a different variety of petroglyphs here.

Some I’d never seen before.

Some reminded me of squashed bugs.

These seemed more abstract but the one in the middle reminded me of growing corn.

These seemed like some sort of animal.

A circular design lurked behind a rock.

This canyon is known for its handprint glyphs,

and mask glyphs.

Along the way, I passed a lot of rabbits. Some posed like chocolate Easter bunnies. Others ran away with their ears out.

I still need to figure out what this white rock is on the black basalt.

More hands.

And here is Kokopelli.

There are plants growing on the rocks. I wonder how much longer these rocks will be here?

This circular design was very interesting. I wish I could have gotten closer. Or, maybe a better camera would be nice.

This is also an interesting glyph. It kind of reminds me of Promo the Robot from Rocketship 7.

Or maybe not.

There were more masks.

They almost remind me of pictures my students used to draw of people.

As I said, there were a lot of petroglyphs that were new to me.

The sun came out as I got to the end of the trail and got ready to head back. I wonder if the people who made these petroglyphs looked at these rocks and thought, “Wow! What a lot of rocks I could use!”

And I headed back to my car.